AngularJS – Controller 介紹篇
繼續AngularJS的介紹,接下來我們看看controller的應用,以商品介紹的頁面為例,來看看這些資料要如何呈現在頁面上,想要呈現的資料有產品名稱、價格以及描述。
為了方便文章閱讀,本篇將application翻譯成應用程式;controller翻譯成控制器
控制器負責定義函數和值來決定整個應用程式的行為,同樣我們把Javascript和HTML分開來開發,在app.js內定義應用程式名稱和控制器的名稱、函數與值,在這次的案例中也提到利用(function(){})()包裝整個javascript是一種好習慣,有關於函式的基本觀念,大家可以閱讀一下這篇文章,介紹的還蠻詳細的!包裝部分的概念可參考其中介紹的立即函示(IIFE – Immediately Invoked Function Expression)。
定義好之後可以開始定義該控制器內的值,其中this.product=gem的意思是指未來在輸出時可以利用product.name去取得Dodecahedron;product.price去取得2.95…等等。
接下來就是把這些值顯示在網頁上,首先可以在div標籤內加上ng-controller=”StoreController as store”的屬性,其中ng-controller是去指定StoreController為該div內的控制器名稱;store是別名(類似綽號)未來呼叫store時就是在呼叫StoreController這個控制器。
在HTML標籤內開始輸出該控制器內的值,分別是:store.product.name、store.product.price、store.product.description三個項目,而在頁面上就會看到這三個值被顯示出來了。
需要注意的是,如果我們把輸出值部分的程式碼放在div外側的話,會沒有辦法順利的顯示值,因為我們的控制器是指定於div標籤內,離開了div標籤就無法取得該控制器了。
本篇的教學就到這邊,大家也可以透過JS Bin來測試或閱讀本次案例的程式碼。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="store"> <head> <meta name="description" content="controllerExample"> <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.3.2/angular.min.js"></script> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>controllerExample</title> </head> <body> <div ng-controller="StoreController as store"> <h1>{{ store.product.name }}</h1> <h2>{{ store.product.price }}</h2> <p>{{ store.product.description }}</p> </div> </body> </html> (function(){ var app = angular.module('store',[]); app.controller('StoreController',function(){ this.product = item; }); var item = { name:"馬老師雲端研究室 滑鼠墊", price:"350", description:"有些人認為滑鼠墊就只是種簡單的產品。無非是將滑鼠放於上方並將之滑來拖去。 “表面”上來說確實如此(一語雙關)。但實際上,製造能帶來卓越遊戲體驗的滑鼠墊卻需要結合眾多科學、技術和工藝。身為遊戲滑鼠技術的世界領先者,對如何使滑鼠感測器高效運作我們獨樹一幟。運用專門知識來製造適合的滑鼠墊表面,讓滑鼠感測器得以作出高效而精確的反應。", }; })();
※以上截圖部分為AngularJS官方教學視訊,另有控制器指令介紹的專頁。
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