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AngularJS – Controller 介紹篇

by · 2015-02-06

繼續AngularJS的介紹，接下來我們看看controller的應用，以商品介紹的頁面為例，來看看這些資料要如何呈現在頁面上，想要呈現的資料有產品名稱、價格以及描述。

為了方便文章閱讀，本篇將application翻譯成應用程式；controller翻譯成控制器

AngularJS Part2 Slide1

控制器負責定義函數和值來決定整個應用程式的行為，同樣我們把Javascript和HTML分開來開發，在app.js內定義應用程式名稱和控制器的名稱、函數與值，在這次的案例中也提到利用(function(){})()包裝整個javascript是一種好習慣，有關於函式的基本觀念，大家可以閱讀一下這篇文章，介紹的還蠻詳細的！包裝部分的概念可參考其中介紹的立即函示（IIFE – Immediately Invoked Function Expression）。

AngularJS Part2 Slide2

定義好之後可以開始定義該控制器內的值，其中this.product=gem的意思是指未來在輸出時可以利用product.name去取得Dodecahedron；product.price去取得2.95…等等。

AngularJS Part2 Slide3

接下來就是把這些值顯示在網頁上，首先可以在div標籤內加上ng-controller=”StoreController as store”的屬性，其中ng-controller是去指定StoreController為該div內的控制器名稱；store是別名（類似綽號）未來呼叫store時就是在呼叫StoreController這個控制器。

AngularJS Part2 Slide5

在HTML標籤內開始輸出該控制器內的值，分別是：store.product.name、store.product.price、store.product.description三個項目，而在頁面上就會看到這三個值被顯示出來了。

AngularJS Part2 Slide6

需要注意的是，如果我們把輸出值部分的程式碼放在div外側的話，會沒有辦法順利的顯示值，因為我們的控制器是指定於div標籤內，離開了div標籤就無法取得該控制器了。

AngularJS Part2 Slide7

本篇的教學就到這邊，大家也可以透過JS Bin來測試或閱讀本次案例的程式碼。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ng-app="store">
<head>
<meta name="description" content="controllerExample">
<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.3.2/angular.min.js"></script>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>controllerExample</title>
</head>
<body>
  
  <div ng-controller="StoreController as store">
    <h1>{{ store.product.name }}</h1>
    <h2>{{ store.product.price }}</h2>
    <p>{{ store.product.description }}</p>
  </div>
  
</body>
</html>
(function(){
  var app = angular.module('store',[]);
  
  app.controller('StoreController',function(){
    this.product = item;
  });
  
  var item = {
    name:"馬老師雲端研究室 滑鼠墊",
    price:"350",
    description:"有些人認為滑鼠墊就只是種簡單的產品。無非是將滑鼠放於上方並將之滑來拖去。 “表面”上來說確實如此（一語雙關）。但實際上，製造能帶來卓越遊戲體驗的滑鼠墊卻需要結合眾多科學、技術和工藝。身為遊戲滑鼠技術的世界領先者，對如何使滑鼠感測器高效運作我們獨樹一幟。運用專門知識來製造適合的滑鼠墊表面，讓滑鼠感測器得以作出高效而精確的反應。",    
  };
  
})();

※以上截圖部分為AngularJS官方教學視訊，另有控制器指令介紹的專頁。

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