HTML:HyperText Markup Language,是一個用來建構網頁結構的一種標籤語法,以下是各版本的發佈年份。
年份 | 版本 |
---|---|
1993 | HTML |
1995 | HTML 2.0 |
1997 | HTML 3.2 |
1997 | HTML 4 |
1999 | HTML 4.01 |
2000 | XHTML |
2014 | HTML 5 |
撰寫HTML文件時,第一行可以宣告本文件所採用的版本,例如:
HTML 5
<!DOCTYPE html>
XHTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
HTML 4.01
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
其中XHTML強制每個標籤都要有結束,如果沒有外部封閉標籤的,需使用內部封閉的方式,例如:
外部封閉:<p>內容1</p><p>內容2</p>
內部封閉:內容1<br />內容2
目前大部分的瀏覽器都支援HTML5,但若要IE8以前的瀏覽器支援,請加入下面的語法:
<!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script> <![endif]-->
想要測試自己的瀏覽器是不是完全支援所有的HTML5標籤,可以到這個網站來測試看看,以下是為大家整理的HTML標籤:
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<html></html> | 建構整份網頁文件 | |
<head></head> | 網頁描述資料 | |
<body></body> | 網頁內容 |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<title></title> | 網頁標題 | |
<base> | 連結參考 | 針對相對路徑的參考位置 |
<meta> | 頁面描述資料 | 關鍵字、描述…等 |
<style></style> | CSS樣式 | 直接在網頁文件中撰寫CSS樣式 |
<script></script> | Javascript語法 | 直接在網頁文件中撰寫Javascript樣式 |
<noscript></noscript> | 不支援語法時顯示訊息 | |
<link> | 連結外部檔案 | 例如:CSS樣式表、網頁圖示檔…等 |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<h1></h1>~<h6></h6> | 標題 | 數字越小權重越高 |
<p></p> | 段落 | |
<br> | 跳行 | |
<wbr> | 文字過長則斷行 | HTML 5新增 |
<hr> | 水平線 | |
<table></table> | 表格 | |
<th></th> | 標題欄位 | |
<tr></tr> | 列 | |
<td></td> | 欄 | |
<caption></caption> | 表格標題 | |
<colgroup></colgroup> | 欄群組 | |
<col> | 欄群組屬性設定 | |
<thead></thead> | 表格標題群組 | |
<tbody></tbody> | 表格內容群組 | |
<tfoot></tfoot> | 表格頁尾群組 | |
<ul></ul> | 定義無順序清單 | |
<ol></ol> | 定義有順序清單 | |
<li></li> | 清單項目 | |
<dl></dl> | 定義描述清單 | |
<dt></dt> | 描述項目 | |
<dd></dd> | 項目說明 | |
<div></div> | 定義區塊型的區域 | |
<span></span> | 定義單行型的區域 | |
<header></header> | 定義網頁標題區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<nav></nav> | 定義網頁導覽區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<main></main> | 定義網頁主內容區塊 | HTML 5新增 |
<section></section> | 定義網頁章節區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<article></article> | 定義網頁內容區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<aside></aside> | 定義網頁邊欄區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<footer></footer> | 定義網頁頁尾區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<details></details> | 定義詳細訊息 | HTML 5新增 |
<summary></summary> | 定義詳細訊息總結 | HTML 5新增 |
<iframe></iframe> | 內嵌頁框 | |
<menuitem></menuitem> | 彈出式選單內容 | HTML 5新增(僅Firefox支援) |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<b></b> | 粗體字 | |
<strong></strong> | 粗體字 | 除了文字樣式上變粗之外,語意上也有加強的意思 |
<i></i> | 斜體字 | |
<em></em> | 斜體字 | 除了文字樣式上變斜之外,語意上也有強調的意思 |
<small></small> | 較小的字 | |
<mark></mark> | 突顯的字 | HTML 5新增 |
<del></del> | 刪除的字 | |
<ins></ins> | 加入的字 | |
<sub></sub> | 下標字 | |
<sup></sup> | 上標字 | |
<q></q> | 引用 | 用於較短的文字引用 |
<blockquote></blockquote> | 引用 | 用於較長的文字引用,利用cite屬性說明出處 |
<abbr></abbr> | 縮寫字說明 | 利用title屬性說明縮寫字 |
<address></address> | 聯絡資訊 | |
<cite></cite> | 作品標題 | |
<bdo></bdo> | 文字方向 | 利用dir屬性決定方向(ltr:由左向右、rtl:由右向左) |
<dfn></dfn> | 術語 | |
<kbd></kbd> | 鍵盤輸入 | 表達需要使用者用鍵盤按下某按鍵 |
<samp></samp> | 電腦回饋內容 | |
<code></code> | 程式碼 | |
<pre></pre> | 預先格式化 | 內容會按照在HTML中的排版來顯示 |
<var></var> | 變數 | |
<ruby></ruby> | 文字音標 | HTML 5新增 |
<rt></rt> | 文字音標內容 | HTML 5新增 |
<rp></rp> | 不支援文字音標時顯示 | HTML 5新增 |
<time></time> | 定義日期時間 | HTML 5新增 |
<bdo></bdo> | 反向文字 | HTML 5新增 |
<bdo></bdo> | 對話框 | HTML 5新增 |
<figure></figure> | 圖片說明 | HTML 5新增 |
<figcaption></figcaption> | 圖片說明內容 | HTML 5新增 |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<a></a> | 超連結 |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<img> | 圖片 | |
<map></map> | 影像連結地圖 | |
<area></area> | 影像連結區域 | |
<svg></svg> | 網頁向量圖檔 | HTML 5新增 |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<form></form> | 表單範圍 | |
<input> | 表單輸入項目 | |
<fieldset></fieldset> | 表單欄位群組 | |
<legend></legend> | 表單欄位群組名稱 | |
<select></select> | 表單選單 | |
<optgroup></optgroup> | 表單選單選項群組 | |
<option></option> | 表單選單選項 | |
<textarea></textarea> | 表單文字區域 | |
<button></button> | 表單按鈕 | |
<datalist></datalist> | 表單資料清單 | |
<keygen> | 表單金鑰產生欄位 | HTML 5新增 |
<output></output> | 表單計算結果欄位 | |
<meter></meter> | 量度圖形 | HTML 5新增 |
<progress></progress> | 進度圖形 | HTML 5新增 |
標籤 | 說明 | 備註 |
---|---|---|
<canvas></canvas> | 畫布區域 | HTML 5新增 |
<audio></audio> | 聲音內容 | HTML 5新增 |
<video></video> | 視訊內容 | HTML 5新增 |
<source> | 內容來源 | HTML 5新增 |
<track> | 內容字幕指定 | HTML 5新增 |
<embed> | 外部程式內容嵌入 | HTML 5新增 |
<object></object> | 外部程式內容嵌入 | HTML 5新增 |
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