透過Java解析Excel檔案
也是一個工作中遇到的情境，很多單位想讓內部人員利用Excel維護資料（因為維護上比較簡單方便），且想讓這份資料透過網頁呈現給一般網友閱讀，所以整體後端的流程應該是：
- 將維護的Excel透過網頁介面上傳
- 將上傳的Excel轉換成XML
- 網頁去讀取這份XML來呈現
透過以上的三個步驟，就可以完成客戶想要效果。
本範例展示的是讀取Excel的XLS格式（新版Excel為XLSX格式），並轉換成陣列的方法（寫入XML在前面的範例就有了），我們選用讀取Excel的Library是Apache POI，而檔內已經有以下的資料，其中Total是公式欄位，計算Price x Quantity：
| ID | Name | Price | Quantity | Total |
| 100001 | 產品名稱1 | 10 | 5 | 50 |
| 100002 | 產品名稱2 | 20 | 10 | 200 |
| 100003 | 產品名稱3 | 30 | 15 | 450 |
以下是讀取的程式範例：
package CDIT.stanley;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
public class excelToXMLFullSample {
static ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> excelData = new ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>();
public static void main (String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException{
excelData.clear();
String xlsPath = "C:\\Projects\\Javas\\sample.xls";
InputStream inputStream = null;
inputStream = new FileInputStream (xlsPath);
POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = null;
try {
fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem (inputStream);
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
HSSFWorkbook workBook = new HSSFWorkbook (fileSystem);
HSSFSheet sheet = workBook.getSheetAt (0);
Iterator<?> rows = sheet.rowIterator ();
while (rows.hasNext ()){
HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow) rows.next();
Iterator<?> cells = row.cellIterator ();
ArrayList<String> rowData = new ArrayList<String>();
while (cells.hasNext ()){
HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell) cells.next();
switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()){
case STRING :{
rowData.add(cell.getStringCellValue());
break;
}
case NUMERIC : {
rowData.add((int)cell.getNumericCellValue() + "");
break;
}
case FORMULA :{
switch(cell.getCachedFormulaResultTypeEnum()) {
case STRING:
rowData.add(cell.getStringCellValue ());
break;
case NUMERIC:
rowData.add((int)cell.getNumericCellValue() + "");
break;
default:
rowData.add("");
break;
}
}
default:
rowData.add("");
break;
}
}
excelData.add(rowData);
}
} catch(IOException e){
System.out.println("IOException " + e.getMessage());
System.out.println("轉換失敗，請檢查Excel檔案與格式是否正確");
}
for(int i=0 ; i<excelData.size(); i++){
System.out.println("Excel Row "+ i +" Data : " + excelData.get(i));
}
}
}
程式會把Excel內的資料轉換為ArrayList，輸出內容如下：
Excel Row 0 Data : [Product ID, Product Name, Product Price, Quantity, Total] Excel Row 1 Data : [100001, 產品名稱1, 10, 5, 50, ] Excel Row 2 Data : [100002, 產品名稱2, 20, 10, 200, ] Excel Row 3 Data : [100003, 產品名稱3, 30, 15, 450, ]
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