利用GreenSock Tweening Platform製作動畫
因為馬老師剛開始利用程式製作補間動畫的Class是Tweener,所以前面介紹了很多篇這方面的文章,但當然這方面的Class不是只有Tweener而已,所以接下來介紹一個目前發展起來比Tweener還要棒很多的Class,它是由GreenSock研發的Tweening Platform(補間平台),其中包含了:「TweenNano」、「TweenLite」、「TweenMax」、「TimelineLite」、「TimelineMax」。
為什麼說他發展得比較好呢?除了Tweener能做到的幾乎它都可以以外,也因為Tweener已經停止開發,所以未來將不會有新增的功能,但TweenMax還在不斷的更新中,在官網還有以下的比較案例:
從上面的案例可以看出來利用GreenSock所研發的Tweening Platform的執行效能會比其他的好(FPS越高越好),所以接下來就來看看GreenSock Tweening Platform的簡介。
TweenNano、TweenLite與TweenMax算是同樣功能,但在製作後檔案容量是TweenNano<TweenLite<TweenMax,也就是說利用TweenNano所製作出來的動畫容量是最小的,舉個例來說,像這樣的動畫效果,TweenNano製作後swf大小為:5KB、TweenLite:8KB、TweenMax:21KB,不過在功能上面也是TweenNano<TweenLite<TweenMax,也就是說TweenMax可以掌控的效果比較多,也更具有彈性,例如:TweenNano就沒有辦法執行:pause()、play()、restart()…等,而TweenLite沒辦法執行:貝茲曲線運動、濾鏡…等,所以要用哪個版本的Tween,端看想要製作的動畫效果來考量,官方也有針對此三者製作比較表供大家參考。
另外TimelineLite和TimelineMax算是同樣功能,但看到後面的英文單字應該可以了解與上述具有相同的關聯,而這方面的Class是可以掌握時間軸上面的變化,在Tweener中,我們只能用Delay來控制動畫先後順序,而在GreenSock所研發的Tweening Platform中則可以利用TimlinelineLite或TimelineMax來處理。
馬上來介紹有關這個Class的一些使用方式,與Tweener一樣的是必須先下載(備用載點),然後在需要使用的Flash檔案中import該Class,下載解壓後會有以下的資料夾:
- badges:GreenSock圖標。
- com:主要Class資料夾。
- demo_swfs:裡面有很多swf的展示,對於想要了解本Class非常有幫助。
- docs:參考文件。
在import時,看你想要使用的Class來import,例如需要使用TweenNano則:
import com.greensock.TweenNano;
若需同時使用TweenLite和TweenMax則:
import com.greensock.TweenLite; import com.greensock.TweenMax;
想偷懶,則:(別擔心,Flash只會內嵌有使用到的部分)
import com.greensock.*;
至於製作補間的程式碼,其實官方就有製作swf來給大家參考,這邊也把官方的範例放進來給大家參考:
上面的案例可以讓你測試動畫效果,下方也會產生該段動畫的程式碼供你使用,實在是非常方便。另外關於Tween的語法也可以改成下面這種版本:
TweenLite.from(mc, 1.5, {y:0, alpha:0});
一個是告訴動畫要去哪,另一個是告訴動畫要從哪開始變化,關於Tweener可以使用的delay、onComplete、onStart、onUpdate…等,這個Class也都可以使用,例如:
TweenLite.to(mc, 1.5, {x:100, ease:Elastic.easeOut, delay:1, onComplete:okFn}); function okFn() { trace("動畫執行完畢"); }
這個Class還有很多特別的動畫效果,例如:濾鏡、短距離旋轉、貝茲曲線、聲音、色彩變換…等,大家也可以參考官方製作的swf來參考動畫效果與取得程式碼:
在動畫控制上面可以使用如下的程式碼來控制動畫:
var myTween:TweenLite = new TweenLite(mc, 1, {x:100, y:100}); myTween.pause(); //暫停動畫播放 myTween.resume(); //恢復動畫播放 myTween.reverse(); //反向播放 myTween.play(); //播放動畫 myTween.restart(); //重播動畫 myTween.invalidate(); //移除補間並使元件恢復原始狀態 myTween.kill(); //清除補間動畫 TweenLite.killTweensOf(mc); //清除所有物件之補間動畫
以上是有關GreenSock Tweening的介紹,接下來介紹有關TimelineLite與TimelingMax的部分。
就像上面有提到在Tweener中我們如果希望三個元件在不同的時間點開始移動,就只能使用delay或是另外寫程式來控制,現在我們可以使用Timeline相關的Class來完成這樣的任務,甚至還可以讓時間軸倒著播放也沒問題,以下就是有關TimelineLite的官方範例:
另外是TimelineMax的範例檔,供大家參考:
以上就是針對GreenSock Tweening Platform大致的介紹,建議有空可以前往官網鑽研更多其他的功能,另外其實GreenSock另外還有TransformManager和LoaderMax,各位也可以先參考官網文章或是未來再跟大家分享我的使用心得。
註:本範例所使用的範例版權屬於GreenSock公司所有。
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