Retina Monitor’s Web Image Solution

什麼是Retina螢幕


今天來談談網頁圖片在視網膜(Retina)螢幕的顯示議題,首先必須來談談什麼是視網膜螢幕,其實他就是一種能在單位尺寸內顯示更多像素點的螢幕,且已經達到視網膜能辨識的極限,視網膜螢幕是由蘋果公司提出,賈伯斯在2010年iPhone 4的發表會中提到:「當你所拿的東西距離你10-12英寸(約25-30厘米)時,它的解析度只要達到300ppi這個『神奇數字』(每英寸300個像素點)以上,你的視網膜就無法分辨出像素點了。」

所以簡言之,視網膜螢幕比較一般非視網膜螢幕的不同處在於,能在同樣的範圍顯示更多的像素點,也就是PPI(Pixels Per Inch)比較高的螢幕,可參考下圖所示:

可以看到圖左在單位尺寸內顯示的像素點較少,圖右則能以更多的像素去呈現,在肉眼上就會覺得圖右會比較細緻。

接下來談談網頁圖片與視網膜螢幕之間的關係,先來看看同樣一張圖片在不同螢幕上顯示的效果。

非Retina顯示

Retina顯示

當然在美觀的立場下,我們不會希望發生這樣的視覺差異,那網頁上要如何設置才可以做到讓圖形在視網膜螢幕下也能正常的顯示呢?以下提出一些解決方案:

方案1. 透過CSS針對不同的DPR (Device Pixel Ratio)設計顯示圖片


大家如果想知道自己螢幕的DPR,可以在Chrome的主控台輸入“window.devicePixelRatio”,就可以得知目前Chrome所在螢幕的DPR值。

非Retina螢幕
Retina螢幕

可以觀察出來在兩個螢幕的DRP值是不同的,而透過CSS的樣式,可以針對這兩個不同的DPR設定顯示方式,可以參考下面的做法:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .logo{
            width: 190px;
            height: 190px;
            background-image: url("atd-icon.jpg");
            background-size: contain;
        }
        @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
            .logo{
                background-image: url("atd-icon@2x.jpg");
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="logo"></div>
</body>
</html>
<script>
</script>

這邊必須針對圖檔尺寸做個說明,其中atd-icon.jpg為190 x 190,而atd-icon@2x.jpg為380 x 380。

@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)的部分是在DPR兩倍下的Media Query。

透過這樣的方式去設定,當DPR為2的時候,螢幕上的圖片改變為atd-icon_2.jpg,剛好能夠滿足在兩倍像素狀況下的顯示需求,當然以此類推,也能去設定三倍或更高倍數下的顯示圖片。

方案二. 透過img標籤的srcset屬性


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    <img src="atdIcon.jpg" srcset="atd-icon@2x.jpg x2">
</body>
</html>
<script>
</script>

其中srcset=”atd-icon@2x.jpg 2x”表示在DPR等於2的時候要去呈現的圖片。

非Retina螢幕
Retina螢幕

以上兩個方法都可以解決圖片在Retina螢幕上面顯示的問題,但也要稍微注意一下支援程度:

CSS -webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio 支援列表
HTML srcset 支援列表

可以看到在IE都是無法支援的狀態,但從Edge後就開始支援,當然也可以想想目前擁有Retina螢幕的使用者,用的瀏覽器都會是哪些?說不定你不會太在乎上面那兩張圖紅色的部分。

但若是一定要有IE瀏覽器的支援,大家應該也能從上述的文章了解,我們可以透過window.devicePixelRatio的數值自行寫script進行判斷,然後再給出適合DPR的圖片,不過這邊另外推薦一個JS Library可以協助你進行這方面的判斷。

方案三. 透過Retina.js輔助進行判斷


首先到Retina.js的網站下載他們所提供的js檔,接下來至網頁引入該JS,其實網站上也有詳細的使用方法,另外檔案大小僅有約4KB並不算很大,可以參考下面的Sample Code。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="retina.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <img src="atd-icon.jpg" />
</body>
</html>

可以看到在img標籤中僅使用了原始大小的atd-icon.jpg,但因為有引入retina.min.js,他會在螢幕DPR兩倍時,自動去搜尋符合倍率下的圖片,但要記得如果不加其他屬性去設定兩倍圖片的檔名,檔名就必須按照內建的規則,也就是atd-icon@2x.jpg,當然3x也依然支援,可以到官網看一下他的使用方式,但若是使用CSS設定的背景,依然沒辦法透過retina.js達到支援IE的效果。

以上三個方法提供目前在設計網頁時,對於Retina螢幕支援的做法,若在不考慮IE瀏覽器的情況下,其實方法1+方法2就已經可以解決所有情況,但若要支援IE則可以參考方法三的做法,也歡迎大家有問題可以留言進行討論。

方案四. 使用SVG圖檔


過往我們在網頁中使用的圖片僅有GIF、PNG、JPG這三種點陣圖格式,所以在高解析度(Retina)的螢幕中,我們需要輸入不同Size的圖片,來補足像素點不足的問題,現在有了另外一種解法“SVG”圖檔。

大家可以把SVG視為一種可以放在網頁上的向量圖檔,也就是說我們以前透過Illustrator或其他向量繪圖軟體(也包含Photoshop中向量工具)繪製出來的向量圖,本身放大就不會失真,但因為要放在網頁上,我們把它轉換成了前述的三種點陣格式,才導致圖檔放大後的失真,而SVG就是保留圖片原來的向量屬性,簡言之,就是把向量圖檔放在網頁上的意思。

非Retina螢幕
Retina螢幕

感覺這個解決方案應該會比前幾項方便,但也有他必須要注意的地方:

  1. 在SVG檔案中匯入的點陣圖,在儲存成SVG時並不會被向量化,例如上圖中間的ASUS Design Logo就是匯入的點陣圖(放大後還是會模糊)。
  2. SVG字型可能會遺失,所以需要使用網路字型或是將文字轉成外框或形狀之後再轉存成SVG。
字型遺失
轉換成外框或形狀

You may also like...

12,341 Responses

  1. OLaneevige表示:

    Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets I could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates. I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping maybe you would have some experience with something like this. Please let me know if you run into anything. I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your new updates.
    best online sportsbook reviews

  2. OLaneevige表示:

    Why people still make use of to read news papers when in this technological world all is available on net?
    bitcoin blackjack live

  3. OLaneevige表示:

    Greetings I am so thrilled I found your website, I really found you by mistake, while I was browsing on Yahoo for something else, Anyways I am here now and would just like to say kudos for a incredible post and a all round interesting blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all at the moment but I have saved it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a lot more, Please do keep up the fantastic jo.
    gute casino seiten

  4. FobertWen表示:

    Кальянные смеси Шпаковский – Насладитесь уникальным сочетанием ароматов и вкусов в кальянных смесях Шпаковский, чтобы окунуться в неповторимый мир курения кальяна.”

  5. OLaneevige表示:

    Кальянные смеси Soex – Насладитесь богатыми ароматами Рё качеством кальянных смесей Soex для незабываемого опыта курения.

  6. Lewisslund表示:

    high class Paris escort
    high class Paris escorts

  7. StephenDeery表示:

    Hey there, You’ve done an excellent job. I’ll definitely digg it and personally recommend to my friends. I’m sure they will be benefited from this website.
    fastest withdrawal online casinos ireland

  8. Timsothyabela表示:

    What’s up, after reading this amazing post i am also delighted to share my familiarity here with mates.
    Reddit’s discussions on the gaming variety of USA crypto casinos

  9. FobertWen表示:

    Thanks for another wonderful post. Where else may just anyone get that type of info in such a perfect manner of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am on the search for such info.
    crypto gambling sites usa reddit

  10. Lewisslund表示:

    Hi there to all, the contents present at this site are truly amazing for people experience, well, keep up the nice work fellows.
    Reddit’s insights into Canadian casino security

  11. FobertWen表示:

    This is really interesting, You are a very skilled blogger. I’ve joined your feed and look forward to seeking more of your wonderful post. Also, I’ve shared your site in my social networks!
    Canadian online casino discussions on Reddit

  12. Lewisslund表示:

    Hello to all, how is all, I think every one is getting more from this web page, and your views are pleasant for new viewers.
    real aussie pokies online

  13. Shaneevige表示:

    Hello just wanted to give you a quick heads up and let you know a few of the pictures aren’t loading properly. I’m not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I’ve tried it in two different web browsers and both show the same results.
    High roller casinos in Australia

  14. FobertWen表示:

    What’s up friends, fastidious article and good urging commented at this place, I am in fact enjoying by these.
    Discussions on cryptocurrency gambling

    crypto casino site

  15. Рекомендую этот сайт!Демонтаж стен Алматы Демонтажные работы в Алматы и вывоз мусора от компании Ваш-демонтаж.

  16. DichaelDax表示:

    I blog often and I genuinely thank you for your content. This article has truly peaked my interest. I’m going to take a note of your blog and keep checking for new information about once per week. I opted in for your RSS feed too.
    Bitcoin casino bonuses with security measures

    best bitcoin casino uk

  17. Gregorydut表示:

    Женская Водолазка с Длинным рукавом (Черная) Артикул 988969675454345733
    https://www.wildberries.ru/catalog/176001489/detail.aspx

  18. sitemap表示:

    Hey! Quick question that’s totlly ooff topic. Do yyou kow how to make your sote mobioe friendly?
    My website ooks weirrd when viewing fom my iphone 4. I’m trying
    to fiond a theme oor plygin thawt might bee able to resolve this problem.
    If youu have anyy recommendations, please share.

    Thanks!

  19. WyodjxMeowbiz表示:

    Рекомендую этот сайт!Снос дома Алматы Демонтажные работы в Алматы и вывоз мусора от компании Ваш-демонтаж.

  20. sitemap表示:

    Excellent article. Keep posting suxh kind oof informatiion oon your
    page. Im realy impressed byy it.
    Hello there, You have done aan incredible job.
    I’ll defnitely diyg it and in my vieww suggest to myy friends.
    I am sure they’ll be benefvited frrom this site.

  21. sitemap.xml表示:

    It is really a nijce aand helpful piece oof information. I am satisfierd thuat you just shzred thjis
    useful inforation with us. Please stay uss informed lijke
    this. Thanjk you for sharing.

  22. MiliiaLulubiz表示:

    Recommend viewing this sitesheepskin coats

  23. GabiaLulubiz表示:

    Recommend viewing this site sheepskin rugs

  24. Lewisslund表示:

    elite escorts Paris

  25. FobertWen表示:

    зарегистрироваться в кэт казино

發佈留言

發佈留言必須填寫的電子郵件地址不會公開。